Delta barion: razlika između inačica

'''Delta barioni''' (ili '''Δ barioni) '''su obitelj  subatomskih čestica sačinjenih od 3 [[Gornji kvark|gornja]] (u) ili [[Donji kvark|donja]] (d) [[Kvark|kvarkakvark]]a.

Postoje četiri Δ bariona: &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">++</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span> (sačinjavaju ga uuu kvarkovi), &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">+</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span> (uud), &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">0</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span> (udd), i &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">&#x2212;−</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span> (ddd), sa respektivnim nabojem od +2&nbsp;[[Elementarni naboj|''e'']], +1&nbsp;''e'', 0&nbsp;''e'', i &#x2212;1−1&nbsp;''e''.

Δ barioni imaju masu od oko <span class="nowrap">1232&nbsp;MeV/''c''²</span><span class="nowrap"></span>, [[spin]] od <span class="frac nowrap">³&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>, a izospin od <span class="frac nowrap">³&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>. Na mnogo načina, Δ barioni su 'uzbuđeni' [[nukleoni]] (simbol N), sačinjeni od istih kvarkova u nižeenergetskoj konfiguraciji spina (spin <span class="frac nowrap">¹&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>). &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">+</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span> (uud) i &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">0</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span> (udd) su višeenergetski ekvivalenti protona (N<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">+</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span>, uud) i neutrona (N<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">0</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span>, udd). &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">++</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span> and &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">&#x2212;−</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span> nemaju nukleonski ekvivalent.

Četiri Δ bariona se razlikuju po električnim nabojima, koji su rezultat zbroja naboja sastavnih kvarkova. Postoje i četiri [[Antitvar|antičestice]] suprotnih naboja, sačinjene od istih antikvarkova. Postojanje &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">++</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span>, sa neobičnim +2 nabojem, je bio važan trag u istraživanju kvarkovskog modela.

Svi Δ barioni brzo se raspadaju, zbog jake nuklearne sile u [[nukleon]] ([[proton]] ili [[neutron]]) i [[pion]] of pripadajučeg naboja. Amplitude završnih nabojnih stanja se dobivaju pripadajućim izospinskim parovima. Rjeđe i sporije, &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">+</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span> se može raspasti u [[proton]] i [[foton]], dok se &#x394;Δ<span style="display:inline-block; margin-bottom:-0.3em; vertical-align:0.8em; line-height:1.2em; font-size:85%; text-align:left;">0</span><span class="unicode" style="white-space:nowrap;"></span> može raspasti u [[neutron]] i [[foton]].

| &#x394;Δ⁺⁺

| +<span class="frac nowrap">³&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>

| <span class="frac nowrap">³&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>⁺

| <span class="nowrap">(5.63±0.14)×10⁻²⁴</span><span class="nowrap"></span>^{{{Predložak:Ref|Lifetime|[a]}}}

| align="left" | Delta<ref name="PDGDelta">J. Beringer ''et al''. (2013): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2013/listings/rpp2013-list-Delta-1232.pdf Particle listings – &#x394;(1232)]</ref>

| &#x394;Δ⁺

| +<span class="frac nowrap">¹&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>

| <span class="frac nowrap">³&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>⁺

| <span class="nowrap">(5.63±0.14)×10⁻²⁴</span><span class="nowrap"></span>^{{{Predložak:Ref|Lifetime|[a]}}}

| align="left" | Delta<ref name="PDGDelta">J. Beringer ''et al''. (2013): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2013/listings/rpp2013-list-Delta-1232.pdf Particle listings – &#x394;(1232)]</ref>

| &#x394;Δ⁰

| −<span class="frac nowrap">¹&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>

| <span class="frac nowrap">³&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>⁺

| <span class="nowrap">(5.63±0.14)×10⁻²⁴</span><span class="nowrap"></span>^{{{Predložak:Ref|Lifetime|[a]}}}

| align="left" | Delta<ref name="PDGDelta">J. Beringer ''et al''. (2013): [http://pdg.lbl.gov/2013/listings/rpp2013-list-Delta-1232.pdf Particle listings – &#x394;(1232)]</ref>

| &#x394;Δ^-

| −<span class="frac nowrap">³&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>

| <span class="frac nowrap">³&#x2044;⁄₂</span><span class="frac nowrap"></span>⁺

| <span class="nowrap">(5.63±0.14)×10⁻²⁴</span><span class="nowrap"></span>^{{{Predložak:Ref|Lifetime|[a]}}}