Koronavirusi: razlika između inačica
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[[Datoteka:Coronaviruses 004 lores.jpg|mini|150px|Virioni virusa ptičjeg infektivnog bronhitisa]]
'''Koronavirusi''' ([[Latinski jezik|latinski]]: ''Orthocoronavirinae'', ''Coronavirinae'') su grupa [[virusi|virusa]] koji uzrokuju bolesti kod [[sisavci|sisavaca]] i [[ptice|ptica]]. Virusi kod ljudi uzrokuju [[respiracija|respiratorne]] infekcije, poput [[prehlada|prehlade]], koje su obično blage. Rjeđi oblici, poput [[Teški akutni respiratorni sindrom|SARS-a]], [[Bliskoistočni respiratorni sindrom|MERS
Koronavirusi su virusi iz potporodice ''Orthocoronavirinae'', porodice ''Coronaviridae'' i reda ''Nidovirales''.<ref name="groot">{{Cite book|title=Ninth Report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|vauthors=de Groot RJ, Baker SC, Baric R, Enjuanes L, Gorbalenya AE, Holmes KV, Perlman S, Poon L, Rottier PJ, Talbot PJ, Woo PC, Ziebuhr J|publisher=Elsevier, Oxford|year=2011|isbn=978-0-12-384684-6|editor-last=AMQ King|pages=806–828|chapter=Family ''Coronaviridae''|author-link2=Susan Baker (virologist)|editor-last2=E Lefkowitz|editor-last3=MJ Adams|editor-last4=EB Carstens |language=engleski}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://talk.ictvonline.org/files/ictv_documents/m/msl/1231/download.aspx|title=ICTV Master Species List 2009 – v10|last=International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses|date=24. 8. 2010|format=xls |language=engleski}}</ref> Obavijeni su jednolančanim, pozitivno usmjerenim [[RNA]] [[genom]]om i spiralno simetričnim [[nukleokapsid]]om. [[Veličina genoma]] je između 26 i 32 [[Bazni par|kilobaze]] – najveća za neki [[RNA virus]].
Naziv "koronavirus" dolazi od [[Latinski jezik|latinske]] riječi ''corona'', čije je značenje "kruna" ili "[[aureola]]", a odnosi se na karakteristični izgled virusnih čestica (viriona): imaju obod koji podsjeća na krunu ili [[korona|koronu Sunca]].
{{glavni|Epidemija novog koronavirusa 2019./2020.}}
Novi koronavirus [[2019-nCoV]] prvi je puta identificiran u prosincu 2019. godine u gradu [[Wuhan]]u u [[Kina|kineskoj]] provinciji [[Hubei]] kada je 41 osoba oboljela od [[Pneumonija|upale pluća]] bez jasnog uzroka.<ref>{{Citiranje www |naslov=Postupanje zdravstvenih djelatnika u slučaju postavljanja sumnje na novi koronavirus (2019-nCoV) |url=https://zdravlje.gov.hr/istaknute-teme/koronavirus-i-mjere-prevencije/postupanje-zdravstvenih-djelatnika-u-slucaju-postavljanja-sumnje-na-novi-koronavirus-2019-ncov/4953 |autor= |autorpoveznica= |prezime= |ime= |suautori= |urednik= |izdavač= |format= |jezik= |web_stranica=Ministarstvo zdravstva Republike Hrvatske |stranice= |nadnevak=31. siječnja 2020. |preuzeto=8. veljače 2020. |arhivurl= |arhivnadnevak= |citat= }}</ref><ref name="NYT-20200129">{{Cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/29/opinion/coronavirus-outbreak.html |title=Is the World Ready for the Coronavirus? |date=29. siječnja 2020. |work=[[The New York Times]] |access-date=30. siječnja 2020. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130005006/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/29/opinion/coronavirus-outbreak.html |archive-date=30. siječnja 2020. |language=engleski}}</ref><ref name="20200130cdc">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/summary.html |title=2019 Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) Situation Summary |date=30. siječnja 2020. |website=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200126210549/https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-nCoV/summary.html |archive-date=26. siječnja 2020. |access-date=30. siječnja 2020. |language=engleski}}</ref> Virus se može prenositi s osobe na osobu.<ref name="20200124cnbc">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cnbc.com/2020/01/24/chinas-hubei-province-confirms-15-more-deaths-due-to-coronavirus.html |title=China virus death toll rises to 41, more than 1,300 infected worldwide |date=24 January 2020 |publisher=CNBC |access-date=26. siječnja 2020. |language=engleski}}</ref> Prema stanju 8. veljače 2020., potvrđeno je 34.922 oboljelih, od kojih je 6.106 kritično.<ref name="auto8">{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/|title=Coronavirus Update (Live): 34,915 Cases and 724 Deaths from the Wuhan China Virus Outbreak – Worldometer|website=www.worldometers.info|language=en|access-date=2020-02-08}}</ref> Epidemija virusa primarno zahvaća [[kontinentalna Kina|kontinentalnu Kinu]], s izoliranim slučajevima u 28 drugih država.<ref name="CDC global cases">{{Cite web |url=https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/locations-confirmed-cases.html |title=Confirmed 2019-nCoV Cases Globally |date=veljača 2020. |website=U.S. [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) |access-date=2. veljače 2020. |language=engleski}}</ref>
== Izvori ==
{{izvori}}
== Dodatna literatura ==
* {{Cite journal |author=Alwan A, Mahjour J, Memish ZA |date=2013. |title=Novel coronavirus infection: time to stay ahead of the curve |url=http://www.emro.who.int/emhj-volume-19-2013/volume-19-supplement-1-coronavirus/volume-19-supplement-1-coronavirus.htm |journal=Eastern Mediterranean Health Journal |volume=19 Suppl 1 |pages=str. S3–4 |pmid=23888787|doi=10.26719/2013.19.supp1.S3 }}
* {{Cite journal |author=Laude H, Rasschaert D, Delmas B, Godet M, Gelfi J, Charley B |date=lipanj 1990. |title=Molecular biology of transmissible gastroenteritis virus |journal=Veterinary Microbiology |volume=23 |issue=1–4 |pages=str. 147–54 |doi=10.1016/0378-1135(90)90144-K |pmid=2169670}}
* {{Cite journal |author=Sola I, Alonso S, Zúñiga S, Balasch M, Plana-Durán J, Enjuanes L |date=travanj 2003. |title=Engineering the transmissible gastroenteritis virus genome as an expression vector inducing lactogenic immunity |journal=Journal of Virology |volume=77 |issue=7 |pages=str. 4357–69 |doi=10.1128/JVI.77.7.4357-4369.2003 |pmc=150661 |pmid=12634392}}
* {{Cite journal |author=Tajima M |year=1970. |title=Morphology of transmissible gastroenteritis virus of pigs. A possible member of coronaviruses. Brief report |journal=Archiv für die Gesamte Virusforschung |volume=29 |issue=1 |pages=str. 105–8 |doi=10.1007/BF01253886 |pmid=4195092|url=https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/fb11c63ac7ca2c5a32f08511c9167afb953dfc30 }}
== Vanjske poveznice ==
{{commonscat|Coronaviridae}}
* [https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 Novi koronavirus (2019-nCoV)] na stranicama [[WHO|Svjetske zdravstvene organizacije]] {{eng oznaka}}
* [https://www.hzjz.hr/medunarodna-istrazivanja/koronavirus-najnoviji-podatci/ Podatci o koronavirusu] na stranicama [[Hrvatski zavod za javno zdravstvo|Hrvatskog zavoda za javno zdravstvo]]
[[Kategorija:Animalna virologija]]
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