Politička ljevica: razlika između inačica

'''Lјevica''' predstavlja opći pojam kojim se označavaju politički [[pokret (politika)|pokreti]], [[politička stranka| političke stranke]] i [[politička ideja|političke ideje]] koje pripadaju političkom spektru lјevice.

 

Opći ciljevi ljevice obično su [[društvena jednakost]], [[egalitarizam]], [[radnička prava]] i [[demokracija|demokratizacija]], s čestim naglaskom protiv [[hijerarhija|nevoluntarnih hijerarhija]].<ref name="Smith">{{cite book |last=Smith |first=T. Alexander |first2=Raymond |last2=Tatalovich |title=Cultures at War: Moral Conflicts in Western Democracies |url=https://archive.org/details/culturesatwarmor0000smit |url-access=registration |location=Toronto, Canada |publisher=Broadview Press |year=2003 |page=[https://archive.org/details/culturesatwarmor0000smit/page/30 30]}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Bobbio |first=Norberto |first2=Allan |last2=Cameron |title=Left and Right: The Significance of a Political Distinction |url=https://archive.org/details/leftrightsignifi00bobb |url-access=limited |publisher=University of Chicago Press |year=1997 |page=[https://archive.org/details/leftrightsignifi00bobb/page/n58 37]}}</ref><ref name="Lukes">{{cite book |last1=Ball |first1=Terence |title=The Cambridge History of Twentieth-Century Political Thought |year=2005 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |location=Cambridge |isbn=9780521563543 |edition=Reprint. |url=https://books.google.com/?id=N1h4_NqTOFoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=The+Cambridge+History+of+Twentieth-Century+Political+Thought#v=onepage&q&f=false |accessdate=15. studenoga 2016. |page=614}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Thompson |first1=Willie |title=The Left In History: Revolution and Reform in Twentieth-Century Politic |year=1997 |publisher=Pluto Press |location=London |isbn=978-0745308913}}</ref> Tipično zagovara brigu o skupinama koje su potlačene naspram drugih u društvu kroz ublažavanje ili rješavanje nepravednih nejednakosti.<ref name="Smith"/>

 

 

Termin se koristi za mnoge pokrete, pogotovo [[republikanizam]] tokom Francuske revolucije, proljeća naroda, pa onda za [[socijalizam]],<ref>{{cite book |first=Alan |last=Maass |first2=Howard |last2=Zinn |title=The Case for Socialism |quote=The ''International Socialist Review'' is one of the best left-wing journals around... |page=164 |publisher=Haymarket Books |edition=Revised |year=2010 |isbn=978-1608460731}}</ref> koji uključuje [[anarhizam]], [[marksizam]], [[socijaldemokracija|socijaldemokraciju]] i brojne druge teorije, u 19. i 20. stoljeću.<ref>{{cite book |first=Michael |last=Schmidt |first2=Lucien |last2=Van der Walt |title=Black Flame: The Revolutionary Class Politics of Anarchism and Syndicalism |series=Counter-Power |volume=1 |publisher=AK Press |year=2009 |page=128 |quote=[...] anarchism is a coherent intellectual and political current dating back to the 1860s and the First International, and part of the labour and left tradition |isbn=978-1-904859-16-1}}</ref> Od tada se ''ljevica'' koristi za širok pojas pokreta i ideja,<ref>{{cite book |first=Jean Francois |last=Revel |title=Last Exit to Utopia |quote=In the United States, the word liberal is often used to describe the left wing of the Democratic party. |page=[https://archive.org/details/lastexittoutopia0000reve/page/24 24] |publisher=Encounter Books |year=2009 |isbn=978-1594032646 |url=https://archive.org/details/lastexittoutopia0000reve/page/24}}</ref> uključujući [[građanska prava|pokrete za građanska prava]], [[feminizam|feminističke pokrete]], [[pacifizam|proturatne prosvjede]] i [[environmentalizam]],<ref>{{cite journal |first=Eric |last=Neumayer |title=The environment, left-wing political orientation, and ecological economics |journal=Ecological Economics |volume=51 |year=2004 |issue=3–4 |pages=167–175 |doi=10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.06.006 |url=http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/714/1/EE_51%283-4%29.pdf}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |first=John |last=Barry |title=International Encyclopedia of Environmental Politics |quote=All surveys confirm that environmental concern is associated with green voting...[I]n subsequent European elections, green voters have tended to be more left-leaning...the party is capable of motivating its core supporters as well as other environmentally minded voters of predominantly left-wing persuasion... |publisher=Taylor & Francis |year=2002 |isbn=978-0415202855 |url=https://archive.org/details/internationalenc0000unse_a2h7}}</ref> i niz političkih stranaka.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/Fleisher/courses/econ508winter06/docs/Democratic_socialism.pdf |title=Democratic socialism |accessdate=3. lipnja 2017. |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20060902085146/http://www.econ.ohio-state.edu/Fleisher/courses/econ508winter06/docs/Democratic_socialism.pdf |archivedate=2. rujna 2006.}}</ref><ref>{{cite |url=https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/sep/05/green-party-left-uk-politics-caroline-lucas |title=Green party to position itself as the real left of UK politics |author=Fiona Harvey |journal=The Guardian |date=5. rujna 2014.}}</ref><ref name="sarnold">{{cite book |last=Arnold |first=N. Scott |title=Imposing values: an essay on liberalism and regulation |url=https://archive.org/details/oxfordclinicalda00libg |url-access=limited |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=2009 |location=Florence |isbn=978-0-495-50112-1 |page=[https://archive.org/details/oxfordclinicalda00libg/page/n15 3] |quote=Modern liberalism occupies the left-of-center in the traditional political spectrum and is represented by the Democratic Party in the United States, the Labor Party in the United Kingdom, and the mainstream Left (including some nominally socialist parties) in other advanced democratic societies.}}</ref> Profesor ekonomije Barry Clark tvrdi: ''"[[ljevica|ljevičari]] smatraju da ljudski razvoj napreduje kada se individualci uključe u kooperativne, međusobno sporazumne odnose koji bujaju tek kada se pretjerane razlike u statusu, moći i bogatstvu eliminiraju."''<ref>Clark, Barry (1998) ''Political Economy: A Comparative Approach''. Westport, Connecticut: Praeger Press {{ISBN|9780275958695}}</ref>